Metaphysics. Spinoza's metaphysics consists of one thing, substance, and its modifications (modes). Early in The Ethics Spinoza argues that there is only one substance, which is absolutely infinite, self-caused, and eternal. He calls this substance "God", or "Nature".

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/